PALUBA

Reorganizaciju po planu Drvar-2 pratili su brojni predlozi za nabavku nove oklopne tehnike. U jednom materijalu za period 1966-70. projektovana je nabavka 530 komada T-55 ("sa topom 115 mm", što pokazuje da vrh jugoslovenskog oklopnog roda nije imao podatke o razlikama T-54 i T-55 i postojanju tenka T-62) radi preoružanja jedinica A ešelona i potpune zamene tenkova M4A3.

zanimljivo, zakopano a nema ruzine ili ima vrlo malo

I ima cini mi se PAM 14,5

Severno Korejska varijanta T-62  "Sŏn'gun-915", ''Pokpung-ho II, III or IV/Songun-ho/M-2002''

Ko če znati koje je pravo ime i naziv tenka. Što mi zapelo u oko je Igla/šilo kao PVO tenka.

T-62, iako je napravljen u oko 10.000 komada, bio je ustvari prelazni model dok se ne doradi T-64. Jedina prednost T-62 bio je glatkocevni top 115mm, a u svemu ostalom bio je samo malo produženi T-55. SFRJ je pravilno izabrala T-72 i njegovu nadgradnju u projektu "Kapela".Samo je mislim Bugarska nabavila T-62, i to jedan bataljon (31 tenk). Nije NDR, ni Poljska, nije Čehoslovačka, Rumunija nije takođe - pa ostaje samo Bugarska, ako je i ona. Sećam se, a da li se tačno sećam, nisam siguran.

Fotografisano negde u Rusiji...

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Све ће ово у Сирији да заврши...

Mnogo T-62 modernizovano je 80-ih godina, kada i mnogo T-55. Ojačana je prednja kosa gornja ploča dodavanjem dodatnog sloja oklopa, a na kupoli su dodate "obrve Brežnjeva", 30mm oklopa uz razmak do kupole od oko 250mm. Na nekim modifikacijama motor je zamenjen na V-45 ili V-46, snage 620, 700, ili 780ks, uz odgovarajuće intervencije na transmisiji. Na pojedinim tenkovima dodate su rakete 115mm, ili sistem aktivne odbrane Drozd, sa 8 protivraketa, čini mi se 57mm. Često je dodavan laserski daljinomer iznad cevi. na donje dve slike lepo se vidi obim modifikacije, u dve varijante.

Caura oklop je vrhunska improvizacija ali je sigurno ucinkovita jer aktivira kumilativni mlaz 15-20 cm od tjela oklopa. Vjerovatno bi zaustavio zolju i osu ili bolje receno sve starije rucne bacace. Medutim ako su bili toliko mudri i invetivni da u caure stave neko eksplozivno punjenje mogli bi dobiti primitivan ali ucinkovit Eksplozivno-reaktivni oklop.? To bi vec bilo nesto sto zasluzuje paznju! A po mom misljenju ona pzo raketa na tenku sigurno ima mjesto u muzeju suvremene umjetnosti.

Мислим да је одговор прост. Осим глаткоцевног топа, Т-62 није пружао било какве друге технолошке предности над Т-54/Т-55. Иако је у СССР произведен у великом броју, увек је сматран прелазним типом тенка, до уходавања серијске производње Т-64, који је смишљен још средином 60их, затим Т-72 и убрзо Т-80. Од земаља ВУ, само је Бугарска добила одређени број Т-62, и нико други. Сви остали су сачекали увођење Т-72. Бугарска је у ВУ, упркос хипотетичком значају у евентуалном  јуришу на Босфор, увек сматрана војнички мање вредном, иако идеолошки поузданом.

U toku ove godine Rusija ce sve svoje tenkove T-62 povuci iz naoruzanja. Radi se o broju od oko 900 tenkova koji su bili u naoruzanju. Namera je da se tenkovi rastave i svi uredjaji i sklopovi ponude kao rezervni delovi zemljama koje jos uvek imaju u svojim armijama ovaj tenk. Navodi se da vec postoje zainteresovane strane koje bi kupile rezervne delove. T-62 bio je u naoruzanju 27 zemalja sveta, a od 1961 do 1975 proizvedeno je oko 20.000 jedinica.

Mnogo T-62 modernizovano je 80-ih godina, kada i mnogo T-55. Ojačana je prednja kosa gornja ploča dodavanjem dodatnog sloja oklopa, a na kupoli su dodate "obrve Brežnjeva", 30mm oklopa uz razmak do kupole od oko 250mm. Na nekim modifikacijama motor je zamenjen na V-45 ili V-46, snage 620, 700, ili 780ks, uz odgovarajuće intervencije na transmisiji. Na pojedinim tenkovima dodate su rakete 115mm, ili sistem aktivne odbrane Drozd, sa 8 protivraketa, čini mi se 57mm. Često je dodavan laserski daljinomer iznad cevi. na donje dve slike lepo se vidi obim modifikacije, u dve varijante.

... Nije imao ni SUV, ni višeslojni oklop, mada su na neke stavljali ERO, krajem 80ih. .

VOLNA" FIRE CONTROL SYSTEM (T-62M)


The T-62M introduced in 1983 came with an entirely new "Volna" fire control system. "Volna" is a comprehensive fire control system overhaul. All of the original components of the T-62's fire control system have been replaced, and some new technology has been added, including the KTD-2 laser rangefinder, the BV-62 analog ballistic computer, the new TShSM-41U sight, and all of the necessary electrical equipment like the 9S831 transformer to adapt the new technology to the tank's electrical system.

The addition of the BV-62 ballistic computer vastly reduces the amount of guesswork involved in the gunnery process. The gunner can manually input five ballistic variables, which are: the gun chamber temperature, ambient temperature, crosswind speed, atmospheric pressure, and the amount of barrel wear. The gunner may set the ballistic computer to operate in either the automatic mode or the semi-automatic mode. BV-62 operates in the automatic mode by default. In this mode, it uses range information from the laser rangefinder and combines it with the other five variables to calculate a ballistic solution in the form of a servo control command to lower the aiming mark in the TShSM-41U sight by the appropriate amount. To switch the ballistic computer to the semi-automatic mode, the gunner turns the dial switch (marked '5' in the drawing below) from the "AVT" position to any of the other positions. This manually sets the range in 1000-meter increments from 0 meters to 3000 meters, and the potentiometer (marked '4') sets the range in 100-meter increments up to 1000 m. The ballistic computer does not accept data on the ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure when operating in the semi-automatic mode. The semi-automatic mode is only used in emergencies, such as if the laser rangefinder stops working.


TShSM-41U

TShSM-41U is a further improvement over the TShSD-41U that brings up the sighting system of the T-62 up to the level of a baseline main battle tank like the T-64A or T-72, as per the design goal of the T-62M modernization. Externally, the TShSM-41U sight can be distinguished from the earlier TShS and TShSD models by the relocation of the control switches to a rectangular panel that is much closer to the eyepiece. Like the TShS sight, there are three toggle switches arranged in a row: one to turn on the independent stabilizer, one to turn on the sight heating system, and one to turn on the internal lamp to illuminate the viewfinder markings. The activation status of the independent stabilizer is signaled by a green indicator light next to the eyepiece.

One of the primary improvements was the possibility of automatically forming a ballistic solution in conjunction with a ballistic computer immediately after lasing a target. Moreover, the sight featured a new vertical stabilizer with a maximum stabilization error not exceeding 0.6 mils. The sight has two magnification settings, 3.5x or 6.9x, with an angular field of view of 18° in the former setting and 9° in the latter setting. Moreover, the sight communicates with the "Meteor-M1" stabilizer to determine if the point of aim is within the range of vertical motion of the main gun. If not, the electric firing circuit of the U-5TS cannon is disconnected and the gun readiness indicator light in the viewfinder of the sight is switched off.

Like the preceding models, TShSM-41U had dependent stabilization with a sight-follows-gun stabilization regime. The sight worked in conjunction with the "Meteor-M1" stabilizer. When the vertical stabilization is active, the sight can move by 15 degrees in both elevation and depression for a total range of vertical motion of 30 degrees. This was a major upgrade over the TShS series of sights. The independent stabilizer of the sight activates under two conditions: like the TShS-41U, it will activate if the gun autoblocker activates after a shot is fired, and it will also activate if the gun reaches the limits of its elevation and depression. For example, if the T-62 crests a hill with a slope of 15 degrees, the gun stabilizer will not be able to keep the gun aimed at the target due to its depression limit of -6 degrees but the TShSM-41U sight will enable the gunner to maintain a line of sight to the target. In this condition, the electric firing circuit of the main gun is disconnected as the line of sight of the TShSM-41U has exited the depression limit of the main gun. If the "Meteor-M1" stabilizer is switched to the semi-automatic mode (powered controls without stabilization), then the TShSM-41U sight can aim beyond the limits of the main gun in both elevation and depression.

The gun laying system is semi-automatic, meaning that the aiming chevron drops vertically when a ballistic solution is obtained and the gunner must manually raise the chevron onto the target to apply the correct superelevation angle to the main gun. The ballistic solution is calculated by the BV-62 ballistic computer with input from the KDT-2 laser rangefinder. The ammunition type is selected by the gunner via a selector dial on the BV-62 control panel, and the selection will influence the amount of drop for the chevron to match the ballistic profile of the ammunition selected. After the range data has been acquired, the BV-62 computer can also calculate the necessary amount of lead for moving targets with two possible ammunition types - APFSDS or HEAT - at any distance from 800 to 1,800 meters. To calculate lead, the gunner must lay the center chevron on the target such that the moving target will travel along the graduated lateral mil scales flanking the center chevron. Then, keeping the aim point fixed, he presses the trigger paddle on the lower edge of the left control handle. He must not track the target. The lead indicator light turns on and the BV-62 computer begins a timer that counts down the flight time of the selected ammunition type for the range to the target, previously determined by the laser rangefinder. When the timer ends, the lead indicator light turns off, and the gunner must make a note of the last position of the target on the graduated lateral mil scale. The gunner must then mirror the position on the scale and use that as the new aim point.

Needless to say, this process is rather unrefined. This makes it easy for the gunner to make mistakes, and small errors on his part can heavily skew the lead calculation process. This restricts the usefulness of the feature, but nevertheless, it is better than a simple guess as that is even more sensitive to human error. The narrow range limit of 800-1,800 meters for lead calculation is generous enough for typical tank engagement ranges in a European theater, but not more.

The viewfinder markings in the sight were almost identical to the TShSD-41U with the exception of an additional indicator light for the integrated semi-automatic target leading system, marked (15) in the drawing below. The main gun readiness indicator light is marked (14), the laser rangefinder indicator light is marked (16), the digital range readout is marked (18) and the readout for the number of detected targets is marked (17). The readout for the number of detected targets goes up to 3. It indicates the number of discrete targets detected by the laser rangefinder during a single lase. Normally, these would be bushes, trees, mounds, rocks and other natural objects located behind or in front of the intended target.


KTD-2

The KTD-2 laser rangefinder has a minimum measuring distance of between 500 to 4000 meters under clear meteorological conditions. The armoured cover on the aperture of the rangefinder is opened automatically when the gunner presses the trigger button to lase his first target. The cover remains open until manually closed. For sustained use, KDT-2 requires around 6 seconds between each lasing to prevent overheating, but it is not harmful to trigger the laser rangefinder in intervals of 3 seconds for short periods. Range data is displayed inside the TShSM-41U sight, but there is a separate digital display on the rangefinder control panel, as seen in the screenshot below (taken from this video by RedcarUSSR channel).

Besides showing the range measurement, the control panel also has a target selector and a display to indicate the selected target on its left side. As mentioned before, the KTD-2 rangefinder can detect up to three separate targets and record their range data with each lasing within the internal memory of its control unit, and the gunner can cycle between the three targets using the control panel. The number of detected targets varies because the single laser beam pulse from the rangefinder may reflect off of multiple objects behind or in front of the intended target. As such, one laser signal may receive multiple "echoes". On the right side of the control panel, there is a system readiness indicator light in the upper right corner and a range filter display in the lower right corner. The drawing below is taken from the website of Stefan Kotsch.

The range filter is a fairly standard feature of modern laser rangefinders that allows the gunner to filter out all range data that falls below 1,400 meters or 2,400 meters. This is a necessary contingency because there may be circumstances where environmental factors strongly influence the range reading, and if the gunner notices that the range data received from the rangefinder is obviously incorrect based on his own visual range estimate, then he can switch on the range filter to discard the bad data that skewed the final average figure and thus obtain a more accurate reading.

Bratska pomoč Rusa u Čehoslovačkoj 1968. Danas se to zove demokratizacija društva.

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Here The Tank Museum's Curator David Willey discusses the Soviet T-62, including its development and service life. Introduced in 1962, it was a further evolution of the T-55 series, which David discussed in Tank Chat #104.

Незнам зошто никогаш Југославија не го купија т-62